Seasonal fly fishing guide - Year-round strategies for every season and condition

Seasonal Guide

Year-Round Fly Fishing Strategies and Tactics

Spring — Hatches & Rising Flows

At‑a‑Glance

  • Water: Snowmelt/precip; clearing trends unlock bites mid‑day (≈50–55°F).
  • Hatches: BWOs (16–18), March Browns (10–12), early caddis (14–16), midges; stones moving.
  • Gear: 9′ 5‑wt; WF floater; add Type 3 sink‑tip for streamers.
  • Leaders/Tippet: Nymphs 4X–5X fluoro; Dries 5X–6X mono; 12–14′ leaders.

Tactics

  • Nymphing: Two‑fly rigs — tungsten anchor (Perdigon/PT) + BWO/caddis emerger; focus softer inside seams.
  • Dries: Overcast afternoons; CDC film emergers; long leaders for soft entries.
  • Streamers: Sculpins tight to banks as clarity improves; low‑and‑slow.

Notes

Carry bright + natural nymph colors; warm trends often spark short afternoon dry windows.


Summer — Low/Clear & Terrestrials

At‑a‑Glance

  • Water: Lower, clearer; feed early/late; mid‑day fish tuck into shade/undercuts.
  • Gear: 9′ 4–5‑wt; 12–15′ leaders; 6X for flat pools; thermometer in vest.

Tactics

  • Dry‑Dropper: Foam ants/beetles/hoppers + 16–20 beadhead 12–24″ below.
  • Euro/Sight Nymph: Short drifts in pocket water with slim tungsten flies.
  • Surface: Hoppers (8–12) on wind; ants/beetles (14–18) on glassy banks.
  • Stillwater: Chironomids/Callibaetis under an indicator; small leeches on intermediate.

Ethics

Avoid trout > ~68–70°F; fish dawn/dusk; speed up land/keep fish wet.


Fall — Cooldown & Baitfish

At‑a‑Glance

  • Water: Cooling temps re‑ignite feeding; browns stage to spawn — avoid active redds.
  • Gear: 5–6‑wt; sink‑tips (Type 3–6) for streamers; 4X–5X fluoro subsurface.

Tactics

  • Streamers: Olive/brown/black articulated; vary cadence (twitch/pause vs. swing).
  • Nymphs: Eggs + small mayflies; caddis pupae remain strong.
  • Dries: Cloudy BWO days — low‑riding emergers.

Notes

After cold fronts: downsize + slow. Watch for lake‑run migrations in bigger rivers.


Winter — Deep/Slow Windows

At‑a‑Glance

  • Water: Stable/cold; fish stack in deep, slow holes; best window mid‑day.
  • Gear: 4–5‑wt; indicator or Euro rigs; 5X–6X fluoro; warm layers/studded boots.

Tactics

  • Nymphing: Small midges, Baetis, eggs; shot or 3–4 mm tungsten beads.
  • Dries: Midges (18–24) in calm sun; 6X–7X.
  • Streamers: Small sculpins; slow swings/short strips, near bottom.

Safety

Shelf/anchor ice hazards; keep fish submerged longer for recovery.